T2 Adding vec.h and color.h (easy)

2.1 Create vec3.h under src directory

Tutorial

https://raytracing.github.io/books/RayTracingInOneWeekend.html#rays,asimplecamera,andbackgroundraytracing.github.io

Copy the following content as provided in the above tutorial into it

#ifndef VEC3_H
#define VEC3_H

#include <cmath>
#include <iostream>

class vec3 {
  public:
    double e[3];

    vec3() : e{0,0,0} {}
    vec3(double e0, double e1, double e2) : e{e0, e1, e2} {}

    double x() const { return e[0]; }
    double y() const { return e[1]; }
    double z() const { return e[2]; }

    vec3 operator-() const { return vec3(-e[0], -e[1], -e[2]); }
    double operator[](int i) const { return e[i]; }
    double& operator[](int i) { return e[i]; }

    vec3& operator+=(const vec3& v) {
        e[0] += v.e[0];
        e[1] += v.e[1];
        e[2] += v.e[2];
        return *this;
    }

    vec3& operator*=(double t) {
        e[0] *= t;
        e[1] *= t;
        e[2] *= t;
        return *this;
    }

    vec3& operator/=(double t) {
        return *this *= 1/t;
    }

    double length() const {
        return std::sqrt(length_squared());
    }

    double length_squared() const {
        return e[0]*e[0] + e[1]*e[1] + e[2]*e[2];
    }
};

// point3 is just an alias for vec3, but useful for geometric clarity in the code.
using point3 = vec3;


// Vector Utility Functions

inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const vec3& v) {
    return out << v.e[0] << ' ' << v.e[1] << ' ' << v.e[2];
}

inline vec3 operator+(const vec3& u, const vec3& v) {
    return vec3(u.e[0] + v.e[0], u.e[1] + v.e[1], u.e[2] + v.e[2]);
}

inline vec3 operator-(const vec3& u, const vec3& v) {
    return vec3(u.e[0] - v.e[0], u.e[1] - v.e[1], u.e[2] - v.e[2]);
}

inline vec3 operator*(const vec3& u, const vec3& v) {
    return vec3(u.e[0] * v.e[0], u.e[1] * v.e[1], u.e[2] * v.e[2]);
}

inline vec3 operator*(double t, const vec3& v) {
    return vec3(t*v.e[0], t*v.e[1], t*v.e[2]);
}

inline vec3 operator*(const vec3& v, double t) {
    return t * v;
}

inline vec3 operator/(const vec3& v, double t) {
    return (1/t) * v;
}

inline double dot(const vec3& u, const vec3& v) {
    return u.e[0] * v.e[0]
         + u.e[1] * v.e[1]
         + u.e[2] * v.e[2];
}

inline vec3 cross(const vec3& u, const vec3& v) {
    return vec3(u.e[1] * v.e[2] - u.e[2] * v.e[1],
                u.e[2] * v.e[0] - u.e[0] * v.e[2],
                u.e[0] * v.e[1] - u.e[1] * v.e[0]);
}

inline vec3 unit_vector(const vec3& v) {
    return v / v.length();
}

#endif

2.2 Create color.h under src directory

Tutorial

https://raytracing.github.io/books/RayTracingInOneWeekend.html#rays,asimplecamera,andbackgroundraytracing.github.io

Copy the content of color.h from the above tutorial into the file

#ifndef COLOR_H
#define COLOR_H

#include "vec3.h"

#include <iostream>

using color = vec3;

void write_color(std::ostream& out, const color& pixel_color) {
    auto r = pixel_color.x();
    auto g = pixel_color.y();
    auto b = pixel_color.z();

    // Translate the [0,1] component values to the byte range [0,255].
    int rbyte = int(255.999 * r);
    int gbyte = int(255.999 * g);
    int bbyte = int(255.999 * b);

    // Write out the pixel color components.
    out << rbyte << ' ' << gbyte << ' ' << bbyte << '\n';
}

#endif